EEG Dataset Collection for Mental Workload Predictions in Flight-Deck Environment.

High mental workload reduces human performance and the ability to correctly carry out complex tasks. In particular, aircraft pilots enduring high mental workloads are at high risk of failure, even with catastrophic outcomes. Despite progress, there is still a lack of knowledge about the interrelationship between mental workload and brain functionality, and there is still limited data on flight-deck scenarios. Although recent emerging deep-learning (DL) methods using physiological data have presented new ways to find new physiological markers to detect and assess cognitive states, they demand large amounts of properly annotated datasets to achieve good performance. We present a new dataset of electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings specifically collected for the recognition of different levels of mental workload. The data were recorded from three experiments, where participants were induced to different levels of workload through tasks of increasing cognition demand. The first involved playing the N-back test, which combines memory recall with arithmetical skills. The second was playing Heat-the-Chair, a serious game specifically designed to emphasize and monitor subjects under controlled concurrent tasks. The third was flying in an Airbus320 simulator and solving several critical situations. The design of the dataset has been validated on three different levels: (1) correlation of the theoretical difficulty of each scenario to the self-perceived difficulty and performance of subjects; (2) significant difference in EEG temporal patterns across the theoretical difficulties and (3) usefulness for the training and evaluation of AI models.

Condrosarcoma de base de cráneo: análisis clínico-patológico de un caso

Introducción: El condrosarcoma es un tumor maligno poco común; la localización craneal es rara. En ocasiones, su resección total no es posible debido a la proximidad de la masa a estructuras vasculares y neurales importantes. Caso Clínico: Mujer de 56 años que presentó cefalea en el lado derecho, parestesia en el lado derecho del labio superior, pérdida de la memoria a corto plazo y ageusia. La RM mostró una masa extraaxial realzada. La paciente tuvo una resección quirúrgica completa. Los resultados anatomopatológicos mostraron un condrosarcoma bien diferenciado de la base del cráneo. Conclusión : El condrosarcoma es un tumor maligno con diferenciación pura del cartílago hialino, representa el 0.15 % de todos los tumores intracraneales, siendo este el segundo caso de localización de la base del cráneo reportado en el Perú. Las características histológicas más los marcadores de inmunohistoquímica revelaron características clásicas de este tumor. El tratamiento aún depende de la individualización de cada caso.

Introduction: Chondrosarcoma is an unusual malignant neoplasm; cranial location is rare. Sometimes its complete resection is not possible because of vicinity of the mass to important vascular and neural structures. Clinical case: This is a 56-year old female subject who developed headache in the right side, paresthesia in the right side of her upper lip, short term memory loss, and ageusia. A magnetic resonance imaging study showed an enhanced extra-axial mass. This patient underwent complete surgical resection. The anatomopathological study showed a well differentiated chondrosarcoma of the cranial base. Conclusion: Chondrosarcoma is a malignancy with pure differentiation of the hyaline cartilage. It represents 0.15% of all intracranial tumors, and this is the second case with a cranial base location reported in Peru. Both histological characteristics and immunohistochemistry markers revealed the classic characteristics of this tumor. Therapy is given on an individualized basis.

Tumor maligno de tritón pélvico: reporte de un caso / Pelvic triton malignant tumor: case report

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 29 años con dolor en la región glútea y miembro inferior derecho, portadora de una enfermedad de Von Recklinghausen y que desarrolló dos tumoraciones pélvicas retroperitoneales de crecimiento rápido. En la laparotomía se encontró las tumoraciones adheridas al hueco obturatriz y alerón del hueso iliaco. Se procedió a exéresis de las tumoraciones, la del lado derecho de mayor tamaño, de evolución rápida y compatible con tumor de Tritón, y la izquierda compatible con neurofibroma.

We report the case of a 29 year-old woman complaining of pain in right buttock and leg. She suffered of von Recklinghausen disease and developed rapidly growing retroperitoneal pelvic tumors. At laparotomy the tumors were attached to the obturator foramen and the iliac wing. The larger and fast growing right side tumor compatible with malignant triton tumor, and the left sided neurofibroma were removed.